. _oe[oe]_ becoming also _e_, according to
Sievers.
9. Special Nhb. diphthongs _ei_, _ai_, cp. _heista_, _seista_,
W.S. _hiehsta_, _siexta_.
10. Influence of preceding _w_ was greater than in the South.
A diphthong whose second element was a dark vowel was simplified
generally to a dark vowel (Lindeloef), e.g., _weo_ > _wo_,
_wio_ > _wu_, cp. _weorld_ > _world_, _weord_ > _word_, etc.
11. W.S. _t_ is represented quite frequently by _eth_ or _d_,
regularly so when combined with _l_, often so when combined with
_s_. See Lindeloef above.
12. W.S. _eth_ frequently appears as _d_ in the North; the reverse
also occurs. See Bouterwek CXLII-CXLV. In a few cases _eth_ > _t_.
13. _C_ before _t_ where W. S. regularly has _h_. See Bouterwek.
14. Metathesis of _r_ less extensive than in W. S.
15. Preceding _g_, _c_, _sc_ did not cause diphthongation in Nhb.
as often as in W. S.
16. Generally speaking, less extensive palatalization in Nhb. than
in W. S.
17. Dropping of final _n_ in infinitives in Northumbrian.
10. REMARKS. METATHESIS OF _R_.
The above characteristics of O. Nhb. will not only explain a great
many later Scotch forms, but also show that a number of words which
have been considered loanwords are genuine English. Sco. _daw_,
"day," need not necessarily be traced to O.N. _dagr_. The W.S. _daeg_
gave Eng. _day_. _Daeg_ is also the Northern form. _Daw_ may of
course be due to _a_ in the oblique cases, but according to 2 _dag_
may have appeared in the nominative case early in the North. This
would develop to _daw_. Sco. _daw_, verb, "to dawn," is easily
explained. W.S. _dagian_ > _dawn_ regularly, Nhb. _dagia_ (see 17
above) > _daw_. The O.N. _daga_, "to dawn," is then out of the
question. Sco. _mauch_, "a kinsman"; the O.E. form was _maeg_, which
would have given _may_. In the North the _g_ was probably not
palatal. Furthermore a Northern form _mag_ would regularly develop
to _maw_, might also be _mauch_ (cp. _law_ and _l
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